Keto Means
Keto Means
Photo: Tom Fisk
"Studies show that not only do MCTs protect the liver from steatosis but, with the addition of vitamin E, can actually reverse alcoholic liver injury." Liver disease caused by the over-consumption of alcohol remains a large problem in the US and worldwide.
Eggs are a healthy food and fit nicely into a keto diet, as they contain next to zero carbs but provide fat and protein. Eating whole eggs provides...
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BOTTOM LINE: The cucumber diet aids short-term weight loss by restricting your calorie intake. However, the diet is lacking in nutrients, extremely...
Read More »Liver disease caused by the over-consumption of alcohol remains a large problem in the US and worldwide. Generally, there are four stages of alcoholic liver disease (ALD): steatosis, steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and combined steatohepatitis and cirrhosis [1]. All but the latest stages are reversible [1, 2]. Numerous hypotheses exist for the pathogenesis of ALD - centrilobular hypoxia [3], inflammatory cell infiltration, cytotoxicity of aldehyde and other protein adducts [4], the involvement of proinflammatory cytokines induced by endotoxin [4, 5], and a prominent role of the immune system are just a few [6]. A long-standing hypothesis that has sparked some continued research is the role that the diet plays in the development of or protection from ALD [5, 7]. The basis for such scrutiny was the knowledge of alcohol (ethanol), its place in the diet, and its effect on nutrition. Ethanol has a greater calorie count per gram than either carbohydrates or proteins and provides an abundant source of energy [8, 9]. Unfortunately, the over-consumption of ethanol, while providing calories, displaces - or even degrades - nutrients, resulting in a state of malnutrition [8, 9]. This realization has resulted in traditional ALD treatments involving nutritional support; however, supplementation to correct nutritional deficiencies of heavy drinkers did not prevent the progression to the first stage of ALD – steatosis (or fatty liver). Subsequent studies demonstrated that even in the face of adequate nutrition, ingestion of 35% of the calories from alcohol of a nutritionally complete diet, will result in alcoholic fatty liver in both rats and humans [10, 11] and that these changes begin to occur after a single large dose of alcohol [12, 13]. In rats and in humans, a fat-containing diet combined with alcohol consumption will result in fatty changes in the liver compared with those subjects on a low-fat diet [14]. A further complication to the development of alcoholic fatty liver is the type of fat ingested. Lieber demonstrated, in 1967, that rats fed a diet of 36% of the calories as ethanol combined with 41% of the calories as corn/olive oil (LCT) or MCT has vastly different effects on the amount of triglycerides stored in the liver [7]. Rats on an ethanol/LCT diet had 8X the triglycerides compared to control rats (sucrose diet) whereas the ethanol/MCT group had only 3X liver triglyceride level of control [7]. It was further demonstrated that unsaturated fatty acids (LCTs) in the diet affect the tight junctions in the gut endothelium that is further exacerbated by ethanol significant increases in plasma lipopolysaccharide (an endotoxin). Lipopolysaccharide levels in the blood reflect the integrity of the intestinal barrier. This effect is mitigated by the consumption of saturated fatty acids (MCTs)[5] likely due to MCTs protective effect on the gut and liver in the face of LPS assault [15]. In 1996, Nanji et al showed that not only do MCTs protect the liver from steatosis but, with the addition of vitamin E, saturated fats fed as as MCTs can actually reverse alcoholic liver injury [16] but that high doses of vitamin E alone are not protective [17]. The authors hypothesize that this is likely due to a down-regulation of lipid peroxidation and perhaps the propensity of MCTs for oxidation rather than esterification [16]. Additionally, dietary saturated fatty acids can reverse histological changes due to alcohol in rat livers [16] even in the face of continued alcohol ingestion [18] but that diets containing polyunsaturated fatty acids – especially linoleic acid – with ethanol promote liver injury [19-22].
Oatmeal is a good option for breakfast because it can help a person to feel full for a long time. However, it does not provide the nutrients that a...
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What are the healthiest sources of animal protein? White-meat poultry, such as chicken or turkey breasts. Fish, especially fatty fish like salmon,...
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-- Cooking tomatoes -- such as in spaghetti sauce -- makes the fruit heart-healthier and boosts its cancer-fighting ability. All this, despite a...
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Baked potatoes take about half the time in an air fryer, and there's no waiting time for the air fryer to preheat. There's no need to pierce your...
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Maybe it's something to do with the smell, or one of the myriad other flavor compounds that's at fault. People like me just lack certain key taste...
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Given below are a list of the drinks that make you lose weight, along with recipes to prepare them. Apple Cider Vinegar with Berries and Lemon....
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Research shows that milk is one of the best beverages for hydration, even better than water or sports drinks. Researchers credit milk's natural...
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The best nutrition tips to support healthy eating Drink more water. Aim for at least eight glasses a day. ... Slow down your eating. Research shows...
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