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What is the first stage of malnutrition?

1st degree malnourished/at risk for being malnourished – this is when a child's size is slightly below the normal for their age, as a result of inadequate caloric intake and the body's inability to absorb nutrients.

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February 8, 2012

Here is the info from our Health Program Director:

1) Does each SOA have their own standards for height and weight to determine which stage of malnutrition a child is in, or are the standards the same for all SOAs? What are our standards for classifying a child as overweight?

All Children International agencies use the WHO Child Growth Reference to assess nutritional status of its sponsored children and youth. Using the growth reference we may say that a child is… • Normal – this is when a child is of average size for their age, as a result of adequate caloric intake and the body’s ability to absorb nutrients. This is considered ideal in enabling a child to develop and live a healthy, active life. • 1st degree malnourished/at risk for being malnourished – this is when a child’s size is slightly below the normal for their age, as a result of inadequate caloric intake and the body’s inability to absorb nutrients. These children are considered “at risk” of becoming malnourished, but it DOES NOT indicate that the child is currently malnourished. • 2nd degree malnourished/moderately malnourished – this is when a child’s size is much less than normal for their age. Moderately malnourished children are more likely to get sick and experience complications with common illnesses such as respiratory infections and diarrhea. Individuals that are malnourished are more likely to have health problems as adults. • 3rd degree malnourished/severely malnourished – this is when a child’s size is significantly less than normal for their age. These children are much more susceptible to diseases and can suffer from serious complications of common illnesses. Individuals that are malnourished are more likely to have health problems as adults. • Overweight – this is when a child’s size is slightly above the normal for their age, as a result of excessive fat deposits that may cause health problems. Individuals that are overweight are more likely to have health problems as adult. • Obese – this is when a child’s size is significantly above the normal, as a result of excessive fat deposits. These children may experience difficulties when engaging in physical activity, and they are at particular risk for developing diabetes, heart disease, and some cancers as adults.

2) What agencies have feeding programs for malnourished children? How long are sponsored children typically in a feeding program when they're malnourished?

All SOAs have a malnutrition rehabilitation program as it is a CI core program. Core Programs are defined as program benefits that sponsored children have access to as needed. Core programs are supported with sponsorship funds. The length of time it takes a child to recover to a normal weight differs from case to case. However, an estimate and objective for our nutrition interventions is to see weight gain and improvements in nutritional status of undernourished children within 6-9 months of enrollment. Children who are 2nd and 3rd degree are enrolled in the Feeding Program.

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What happens to your stomach when you don't eat?

Even when there is no food to digest, it continues to do its job at the usual time that you eat. “Prolonged periods without food tend to lead to acid reflux, gastritis and stomach acid. Excessive amounts of digestive juices might erode your intestinal lining and cause ulcers,” said Chan.

Between waking up and getting ready for work, you might have just enough time to down a cup of coffee before you have to get out of the house. Or your boss just handed you a report at 12pm that needs completing in an hour’s time. Whatever the reason, meal-skipping happens. So, what’s the big deal, right? We over-eat anyway, so we can stand to miss a couple of meals in a day. For starters, skipping just one meal causes your blood sugar levels to plummet. If you skip breakfast, it means your body has gone without fuel for nearly 12 hours – assuming your last meal was at 8pm and you begin your day at 7am. Imagine starting your car’s engine when its tank is empty, and you get the picture. “Consistently (skipping meals) might lead to issues such as poor concentration, poor-quality diet and slowed metabolism for some,” said Apple Chan, a dietitian from Gleneagles Hospital. “This usually does not happen overnight. It’s the chronic, low consumption that happens over months or even years.”

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