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Why does my pee smell like butterscotch?

Hyperglycemia and diabetes High blood sugar is a tell-tale sign of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. If you have diabetes, you may notice your pee smells sweet or fruity. This is because the body is trying to get rid of the excess blood sugar and is disposing of glucose through your urine.

healthline.com - Sweet-Smelling Urine: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment - Healthline

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If you notice a sudden onset of sweet-smelling urine, you should contact your doctor immediately. If you notice a sweet or fruity aroma after urinating , it may be a sign of a more serious medical condition. There are a variety of reasons why your pee smells sweet . The smell is affected because your body is expelling chemicals into your urine. These may be bacteria, glucose , or amino acids.

1. UTI

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are very common infections of the urinary system. For an infection to occur, bacteria must travel up the urethra. The urethra is the tube through which urine flows from your bladder to outside your body. Because of the female anatomy, women are more likely to get UTIs. One of the first signs of an UTI is strong- or sweet-smelling urine. This is because bacteria is dispelled into the urine. Other symptoms are an ongoing urge to pee and a burning sensation when you go. Your doctor can diagnose a UTI using urinalysis. You can purchase pain relievers over the counter that can help with the pain, but only a doctor can prescribe antibiotics that will treat the infection.

2. Hyperglycemia and diabetes

Hyperglycemia occurs when you have abnormally high blood sugar levels. High blood sugar is a tell-tale sign of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. If you have diabetes, you may notice your pee smells sweet or fruity. This is because the body is trying to get rid of the excess blood sugar and is disposing of glucose through your urine. For people who haven’t been diagnosed with diabetes, this symptom can be one of the first signs they have the disease. Diabetes can be diagnosed with urinalysis and blood tests. For those with a diagnosis, it can be a sign they’re mismanaging the condition. Treatment for diabetes depends on the type you have. You may need to monitor your blood glucose levels through the day and take insulin shots.

3. Diabetic ketoacidosis

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Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a deadly condition caused by mismanaged diabetes. In many cases, developing DKA is how a person finds out they have diabetes. DKA occurs when the body doesn’t have enough glucose and has to burn fat for energy. The fat-burning process releases ketones, which build up in the blood and raise its acidity. This is essentially blood poisoning, which can lead to coma and death if not treated immediately in an emergency room with insulin therapy. Diabetic ketoacidosis is most common in type 1 diabetics. The condition can be diagnosed using a urine test and ketone testing strips.

4. Foetor hepaticus

Foetor hepaticus is a condition that causes your breath to smell sweet or musty. This smell most commonly affects the breath, but can also affect the urine. The condition is nicknamed “breath of the dead.” Foetor hepaticus is a side effect of portal hypertension and liver disease. Treatments vary depending on what’s causing the foetor hepaticus and can include medication and surgery.

5. Maple syrup urine disease

Clinically known as branched chain ketoaciduria, maple syrup urine disease is a rare genetic disorder. You must inherit a mutated gene from each of your parents to get the disease. MSUD stops your body from breaking down amino acids, which are needed to maintain bodily functions. This disease is diagnosed in infancy using urinalysis, genetic testing, and newborn screening methods. Common symptoms are:

urine that smells sweet, like caramel or maple syrup

poor feeding

seizures

delayed development

Leaving MSUD untreated can cause brain damage and coma. The short-term treatment for MSUD is amino acid supplementation using an intravenous (IV) line. Long-term treatment plans often involve a dietary plan supervised by a dietician.

healthline.com - Sweet-Smelling Urine: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment - Healthline

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